For about 500 years already there has been a debate between European historians, the researchers of the genesis of the violin, about the country of its origin. Some believe that Poland, others that Italy is the homeland of birth of this instrument. Martin Agricola (6.01.1486 Świebodzin-10.06.1556 Magdeburg), who in 1545 has described the instrument calling it Polish violin (Mazanki of Greater Poland) (german. Polnische Geige) and Michael Praetorius (15 .02.1571 Kreuzburg – 15.02.1621 Wolfenbüttel) believe, that Polnische Geige (Mazanki of Greater Poland) penetrated from Poland to Italy thanks to Polish Queen Bona Sforza d’Aragona (2.02.1494 Vigevano-19.11.1557 Bari). However the archeological discoveries done on the Polish territory after the WW2 have tipped the scales to the advantage of Lech Walesa’s & Pope John Paul II country being the violin’s native land, when in 1948 in Opole the instrument from the XI century was found, that was named Gusle from Opole. About a year later, on the Gdansk territory the instrument from ca. 1225 was found, that was given a name of Gusle from Gdansk. However, the most important finding took place in the year of 1985, in Plock, during archeological excavations being done at the Old Town area. That’s when a 6-string instrument from XV century was found, which contained the resonance box, and was given a name of Fiddle from Plock. There are many instruments in Poland that violin relates to and that survived up until this day, and these are: Suka (The Bitch), Mazanka of Greater Poland, Gusle, Czorsztyn Spinet itp. All these instruments have kept various elements of the archaic construction, which exactly characterize the origin of violin. There is no other country in the world with that many varieties of string instruments related to violin than the ones originated in Poland.